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Records

227,556 matches from Aug 1992 to Oct 2026 across 1,472 rated clubs; home sides win 46.2% of them. Updated Oct 28, 2026.

Home sides win 17.6 percentage points more often than visitors do. The model prices that ground advantage at about +68 Elo before kick-off, and holds every club near it until they have played enough home matches to earn their own number.

The average goal margin is 1.38, counting draws as zero.

Clubs

Who held the top rating

Bayern Munich hold the record rating of 2,199; the top spot has changed hands 216 times since Sep 1993.

Barcelona have spent 2,237 days at number one, more than any other club.
Barcelona
2,237 d
Bayern Munich
1,795 d
Real Madrid
1,547 d
Manchester United
1,470 d
Ajax
910 d
Manchester City
825 d
Liverpool
673 d
Chelsea
431 d
Porto
395 d
Milan
392 d

The record book

Measured against the 1500 rating every club starts on. Peaks and troughs ignore clubs whose rating is still in warm-up.

267111336389097931281471511591476950583533271311811776411321
Grey bars: every rating live today (1,472 clubs) 439 of 1,472 rated clubs have a settled rating (RD under 100); the rest surface every few years in qualifying.

Biggest single-match swing

Hardest grounds, best travellers

What a club's own ground is worth in rating points, and who wins most often away from home.

Ethnikos Asteras's ground is worth +131 points to them, 63 above the European average of +68.
Ethnikos Asteras+131Few home matches on record
Radnički Beograd+124Few home matches on record
Mladost Apatin+121Few home matches on record
Proodeftiki+121Few home matches on record
Panahaiki+121Few home matches on record
Apollon Kalamarias+120Few home matches on record
NK Međimurje+119Few home matches on record
Radnički Obrenovac+118Few home matches on record
Paniliakos+117Few home matches on record
Akratitos+115Few home matches on record
Shakhtar Donetsk have won 60.7% of their 522 away matches; every club together wins 28.6%.
Shakhtar Donetsk60.7%317 of 522
Crvena Zvezda60.7%332 of 547
Celtic57.2%427 of 746
Partizan57.2%318 of 556
Porto56.8%396 of 697
Dynamo Kyiv55.9%303 of 542
Union SG55.7%68 of 122
Bayern Munich54.7%404 of 738
Olympiacos54.5%318 of 583
Benfica53.7%366 of 682

What the model is unsure about

One dot per rated club, plotted on its latest rating — clubs, not matches

Settled ratingStill warming upGrey band: 588 clubs at the model's RD ceiling of 350, spread out so each is visible

Only 439 of 1,472 rated clubs (30%) sit under RD 100, the point at which the model treats a rating as settled. Most of the rest surface once every few years in qualifying.

The largest group of clubs sits between +60 and +70 Elo — 39% of them. The tail to the right is short: very few grounds are worth much more than the average.

31 of 1,472 rated clubs have both a settled rating and a home edge above the +68 average. Another 334 sit above that average on a rating the model does not yet trust — a big home number off a handful of matches is not a fortress yet.

When the model was wrong

Results the model gave the least chance, ranked by how far they moved the ratings. The bar is the favourite's pre-match chance.

Lyon beat Manchester City with 84% of the model's odds against them, the biggest swing on record at 57 points.

  1. UCLQuarter-finals
    −57Manchester City
    Manchester City
    13
    Lyon
    Lyon
    +57
  2. UCLQuarter-finals
    +53Roma
    Roma
    30
    Barcelona
    Barcelona
    −53
  3. UCLQuarter-finals
  4. UCLGroup Stage
    −48Real Madrid
    Real Madrid
    12
    Sheriff
    Sheriff
    +48
  5. UCLQuarter-finals
  6. UCLRound of 16
    −47Real Madrid
    Real Madrid
    14
    Ajax
    Ajax
    +47
  7. UCLQuarter-finals
  8. UCLGroup Stage
    −46Porto
    Porto
    04
    Club Brugge
    Club Brugge
    +46
  9. UCLGroup Stage
  10. UCLQuarter-finals
  11. UCLQuarter-finals
  12. UCLRound of 16

Players

When players peak

Median rating by age for every ranked player, with the middle 80% as a band.

Forwards peak at 32, midfielders at 33, defenders at 34 and goalkeepers at 30.

Goalkeepers
Defenders
Midfielders
Forwards

Who held the top player rating

Lionel Messi holds the record player rating of 2,366; the top spot has changed hands 58 times since player ratings began in Aug 2010.

Lionel Messi has spent 3,436 days as the top-rated player, more than anyone else.

Where the ranked players come from

Each block is a nation, sized by its ranked players; darker blocks have more players in the top 100.

England, France and Brazil supply 41% of the top 100 between them.

80 other nations521

Players in the top 1000917

Output against rating

Goals plus assists per 90 minutes against rating, for 4,591 outfield players with at least 900 minutes in the last year

Defenders
  1. Benjamin Kololli
    Benjamin Kololli0.75trend 0.12
  2. Michele Sego
    Michele Sego0.72trend 0.11
  3. Fabricio Pedrozo
    Fabricio Pedrozo0.72trend 0.11
Midfielders
  1. Ammar Ramadan
    Ammar Ramadan1.4trend 0.26
  2. Winsley Boteli
    Winsley Boteli1.32trend 0.25
  3. Danny Armstrong
    Danny Armstrong1.32trend 0.27
Forwards
  1. Dion Drena Beljo
    Dion Drena Beljo1.49trend 0.53
  2. Emil Frederiksen
    Emil Frederiksen1.13trend 0.46
  3. Ousmane Dembele
    Ousmane Dembele1.4trend 0.74

Across: rating. Up: goals plus assists per 90. Darker cells hold more players.Position trend (weak fit)Most output above the position trend